Paleo diets, in which one eats how early hominids (human ancestors) did, are becoming increasingly popular. Proponents claim our bodies evolved to eat these types of food, especially bone broth, a soup made by cooking animal bones for several hours. They believe it has many health-promoting nutrients, such as cartilage, which can heal our joints, and chondroitin, which promotes nerve regeneration. Skeptics point out that ingested cartilage can’t replenish cartilage in your knees or elbows and ingested chondroitin doesn’t make our brains any healthier. Yet, there is strong anecdotal evidence that people who consume bone broth have fewer metabolic and inflammatory diseases than those who don’t. Therefore, ancient humans knew something about our physiology that we don’t, and that by emulating the way they ate, we can cure many chronic illnesses.
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The argument states that the supporters of Paleo diets believe ancient humans knew about human physiology, and by eating what they ate, numerous chronic maladies can be cured. The proponents of the diet have reached this conclusion on the basis of anecdotal evidence of people following such a diet facing fewer metabolic and inflammatory diseases as compared to people not following the diet. The validity of the argument is subject to three unstated assumptions.
Firstly, the argument prematurely assumes that hominids ate particular kinds of food due to their knowledge of human physiology. Hominids lived in a disparate environment compared to modern-day humans, and it is possible that the interaction with this environment could have shaped their diet. Hominids might have lived in a region where there were no other edible food options apart from bone broth and thus were forced to eat the broth. Further, there is a possibility that hominids did not have the technical know-how to produce and process other kinds of food. If either of these scenarios has merit, the assumption becomes unjustified, and essentially weakening the argument.
Secondly, the argument assumes that the diet followed by modern-day humans is the sole reason behind many of the diseases, and a change to the diet will cure all these maladies. However, it is possible that modern-day humans owe their rich variety of diseases to their unhealthy lifestyle. For example, humans in the computer industry spend countless hours sitting in front of an electronic screen, engaging in little to no physical activity. This lack of physicality can be a reason for the poor condition of joints in modern-day humans.
Another assumption made by the argument is that the results obtained by anecdotal evidence is reliable. By definition, anecdotal evidence is evidence collected from casual and informal accounts. Maybe the evidence obtained in such a manner misses out on the section of the population which does not follow the Paleo diet and are perfectly healthy. Furthermore, the evidence may not contain information about people who did not benefit from following the Paleo diet. In either case, the assumption that the anecdotal evidence is reliable comes into scrutiny, essentially casting doubt on the argument.
In conclusion, the argument, as it stands now is considerably flawed due to its reliance on several unwarranted assumptions. If the author is able to give further details about the above-mentioned assumptions (perhaps in the form of a research study), then it would be possible to fully evaluate the validity of the argument.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 417 350
No. of Characters: 2155 1500
No. of Different Words: 210 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.519 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.168 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.768 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 166 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 134 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 106 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 54 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 21.947 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 6.786 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.474 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.319 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.563 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.079 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 395, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...pared to people not following the diet. The validity of the argument is subject to ...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
first, firstly, furthermore, however, if, may, second, secondly, so, then, thus, apart from, for example, in conclusion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 19.6327345309 87% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 12.9520958084 54% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 13.6137724551 81% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 58.0 55.5748502994 104% => OK
Nominalization: 28.0 16.3942115768 171% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2209.0 2260.96107784 98% => OK
No of words: 417.0 441.139720559 95% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.29736211031 5.12650576532 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.5189133491 4.56307096286 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.8512392766 2.78398813304 102% => OK
Unique words: 218.0 204.123752495 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.52278177458 0.468620217663 112% => OK
syllable_count: 706.5 705.55239521 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 4.96107784431 40% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.67365269461 239% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 36.968280182 57.8364921388 64% => OK
Chars per sentence: 116.263157895 119.503703932 97% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.9473684211 23.324526521 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.26315789474 5.70786347227 110% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 5.25449101796 19% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 6.88822355289 160% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.186256671638 0.218282227539 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0520489133284 0.0743258471296 70% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.044615067351 0.0701772020484 64% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0915479735865 0.128457276422 71% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0560264771896 0.0628817314937 89% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.5 14.3799401198 101% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 41.7 48.3550499002 86% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 12.197005988 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.46 12.5979740519 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.99 8.32208582834 108% => OK
difficult_words: 114.0 98.500998004 116% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 12.0 12.3882235529 97% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.