A recently issued twenty-year study on headaches suffered by the residents of Mentia investigated the possible therapeutic effect of consuming salicylates. Salicylates are members of the same chemical family as aspirin, a medicine used to treat headaches. Although many foods are naturally rich in salicylates, food-processing companies also add salicylates to foods as preservatives. The twenty-year study found a correlation between the rise in the commercial use of salicylates and a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by study participants. At the time when the study concluded, food-processing companies had just discovered that salicylates can also be used as flavor additives for foods, and, as a result, many companies plan to do so. Based on these study results, some health experts predict that residents of Mentia will suffer even fewer headaches in the future.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
The author of the summary tries to covey that salicylates, which are members of the chemical family of aspirin, have been used for food processing in past several decades, and since the rise of use of these compounds in food as presevatives has correlated with reduced headaches reported, further inclusion of salicylates as food flavor additives would result in further number of headaches suffered by average citizens of mentia. this argument is seemingly wellposed. The author tries to match the decline of headaches to the increased use of salicylates using seemingly plausible facts and assumptions. However this argument is rife with holes and ambiguities. The critical analyst of this argument would find that the implicit assumptions that are used in the argument need some support from relevent evidence. Thecritical analyst would point and demand for specific evidence that would shed more light on the argument of at hand, which would enable more comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the argument and the final conclusion.
The author says that the average number of headaches reported have resuced in the time period of study. Though it seems it suggest actual reduction in cases of headaches in mentia, it may not be true. For example, with the time progress, people may not depend on hospitals or doctors dor mild ailments like headaches anymore. they may take the medicines by themselves, as the know how on the medicince among the genral public is increased. In such a case, "reporting" of headaches canbe reduced, without the actual headaches cases staying the same, or worese-increasing. thus more evidence with regard to the actual cases of headaches in mentia is needed. The actual headache number being high may bolster the argument of the author, while the opposite heavily undermining it.
The author in the argument carries the underlying assumption that the more the people of mentia exposed to of conume of salicylates chemical, the more they would be free of headache. this argument have serious ambiguities. For example, it is a well known medical fact that over exposure to or consumption of a chemical as an antidote, reduce its impact on the patients over the time. that is, the over use of a chemical may result in that chemical not soing the intended curing. this may very well be true with salicylates. In such case, further use of salicylates may reduce the effectiveness of salicylates in curing headaches as the author suggest, and hence will not result in further reduction of headaches. thus evidence should be demanded on the behaviour of salicylates in the case of long term consumption. if such evidence suggest long term exposure reduces it's effectiveness, it would undermine the argument of the author, along with the conclusion.
The author also seems to have the assumption that the form in which salicylates is consumed does not have any differed operation. this is evident from the way the author suggesting that using salicylates as an falvor additive would result in the same way that it resulted in as a presercative. this may not defintive. it would be interesting to see some confirmation and calrification of the similarity of performance of salicylates with respective to its ability of combating headache, as these two types of food ingredients. if these investigations show that salicylates in these two different forms perform differently with respect to ints curing ability, the argument and the conclusion of the author would be seriously undermined.
The argument presented in the summary is rife with ambiguities. evidence demanded above would shed some light to the ambiguities and help clarify the argument.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 16 15
No. of Words: 596 350
No. of Characters: 3024 1500
No. of Different Words: 232 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.941 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.074 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.822 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 222 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 175 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 133 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 83 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 37.25 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 21.353 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.562 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.389 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.603 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.128 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 432, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...suffered by average citizens of mentia. this argument is seemingly wellposed. The au...
^^^^
Line 1, column 606, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
...mingly plausible facts and assumptions. However this argument is rife with holes and am...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 123, Rule ID: IT_VBZ[1]
Message: Did you mean 'suggests'?
Suggestion: suggests
...ime period of study. Though it seems it suggest actual reduction in cases of headaches ...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 326, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: They
...r mild ailments like headaches anymore. they may take the medicines by themselves, a...
^^^^
Line 2, column 372, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...ay take the medicines by themselves, as the know how on the medicince among the genral p...
^^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 581, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...staying the same, or worese-increasing. thus more evidence with regard to the actual...
^^^^
Line 2, column 581, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: thus,
...staying the same, or worese-increasing. thus more evidence with regard to the actual...
^^^^
Line 3, column 183, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...he more they would be free of headache. this argument have serious ambiguities. For ...
^^^^
Line 3, column 197, Rule ID: MASS_AGREEMENT[2]
Message: Possible agreement error - use third-person verb forms for singular and mass nouns: 'has'.
Suggestion: has
...ould be free of headache. this argument have serious ambiguities. For example, it is...
^^^^
Line 3, column 384, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: That
...s impact on the patients over the time. that is, the over use of a chemical may resu...
^^^^
Line 3, column 479, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...chemical not soing the intended curing. this may very well be true with salicylates....
^^^^
Line 3, column 713, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Thus
...sult in further reduction of headaches. thus evidence should be demanded on the beha...
^^^^
Line 3, column 816, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...s in the case of long term consumption. if such evidence suggest long term exposur...
^^
Line 4, column 130, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...d does not have any differed operation. this is evident from the way the author sugg...
^^^^
Line 4, column 207, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'a' instead of 'an' if the following word doesn't start with a vowel sound, e.g. 'a sentence', 'a university'
Suggestion: a
...or suggesting that using salicylates as an falvor additive would result in the sam...
^^
Line 4, column 294, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
... that it resulted in as a presercative. this may not defintive. it would be interest...
^^^^
Line 4, column 318, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
...a presercative. this may not defintive. it would be interesting to see some confir...
^^
Line 4, column 527, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: If
...as these two types of food ingredients. if these investigations show that salicyla...
^^
Line 5, column 64, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Evidence
...n the summary is rife with ambiguities. evidence demanded above would shed some light to...
^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, hence, however, if, may, so, thus, well, while, for example, with regard to, with respect to, in the same way
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 19.0 19.6327345309 97% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 22.0 12.9520958084 170% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 11.1786427146 116% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 13.6137724551 118% => OK
Pronoun: 38.0 28.8173652695 132% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 97.0 55.5748502994 175% => OK
Nominalization: 30.0 16.3942115768 183% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 3094.0 2260.96107784 137% => OK
No of words: 596.0 441.139720559 135% => OK
Chars per words: 5.19127516779 5.12650576532 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.94096258147 4.56307096286 108% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.98799265153 2.78398813304 107% => OK
Unique words: 256.0 204.123752495 125% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.429530201342 0.468620217663 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 1007.1 705.55239521 143% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 2.70958083832 221% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 4.22255489022 142% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 28.0 19.7664670659 142% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 22.8473053892 92% => OK
Sentence length SD: 78.5841223512 57.8364921388 136% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.5 119.503703932 92% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.2857142857 23.324526521 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.10714285714 5.70786347227 72% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 19.0 5.25449101796 362% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 8.0 8.20758483034 97% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 13.0 6.88822355289 189% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.67664670659 150% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.161245708749 0.218282227539 74% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0439528113658 0.0743258471296 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0469827838387 0.0701772020484 67% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0847130763999 0.128457276422 66% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0470666052085 0.0628817314937 75% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.7 14.3799401198 95% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 41.7 48.3550499002 86% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 12.197005988 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.82 12.5979740519 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.44 8.32208582834 101% => OK
difficult_words: 142.0 98.500998004 144% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 11.1389221557 93% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.