“Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight."
The letter to the editor of national aeronautics magazine provided that the aeronautics team should invest resources in unmanned space flight. The opponents have come to this conclusion based upon the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites. However, before this recommendations can be properly evaluated, the following questions needs to be answered.
Firstly, the author has stated that Manned space flight is costly and dangerous but they haven't mentioned abput the cost to send the men to space and also the level of treacherous is not stated by the author which makes it difficult to reach up to a conclusion as why sending men to space is costly and dangerous. There is a possibility that the unmanned space probes and satellites designed can be far more expensive than sending men to space. What if the cost of making the staellite is less but the quality of product is compromised. Without proper figures and evidence this assumption cannot be scrutinisedand hence it is flawed and unjustified.
Additionally, the author states that recent success is achieved by sending series of space probes and satellites with low cost and low risk but the earlier satellites cannot determine the success of upcoming satellittes. There is a possibility that the the earlier satellites were designed by advanced scientist and the job was done meticulously but what if the upcoming satellites are designed by young and fledgling scientist? The risk of sending unmanned space sateliite will promulgate if the above possibility might occur. The cost for sending unmanned space satellites is not mentioned by author which makes the fact dubious to compare with manned space sateliite without knowing exact figures.
Further, the author prompts that the useful information was gathered by unmanned space satellites but what if the satellites are running on a predefined algorithm so the ammount of information gathered will be narrow and limited. Also, sending men to space might gather more information than satellites as humans are more smarter than computers. Hence, if any of the above scenario might occur then conclusion drawn in the original argument is weakened.
To recapitulate, the above arguments are based on unjustified assumptions which needs further evidence and convincing to support the arguments. If the author is able to answer the above questions then it is viable to send unmanned space satellites rather than manned space flight. Until then, it will be dubious to draw any conclusions.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-08-23 | Krisha Lakhani | 58 | view |
| 2023-08-17 | riyarmy | 83 | view |
| 2023-08-11 | Anish Sapkota | 58 | view |
| 2023-08-04 | DCAD123 | 50 | view |
| 2023-07-30 | BusariMoruf | 55 | view |
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 406 350
No. of Characters: 2090 1500
No. of Different Words: 176 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.489 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.148 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.793 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 160 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 119 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 88 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 61 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.882 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 11.219 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.706 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.35 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.566 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.079 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 286, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
... probes and satellites. However, before this recommendations can be properly evaluat...
^^^^
Line 3, column 90, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: haven't
...flight is costly and dangerous but they havent mentioned abput the cost to send the me...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 250, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...atellittes. There is a possibility that the the earlier satellites were designed by adv...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 250, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...atellittes. There is a possibility that the the earlier satellites were designed by adv...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 318, Rule ID: MOST_COMPARATIVE[2]
Message: Use only 'smarter' (without 'more') when you use the comparative.
Suggestion: smarter
...formation than satellites as humans are more smarter than computers. Hence, if any of the ab...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 119, Rule ID: ALLOW_TO[1]
Message: Did you mean 'supporting'? Or maybe you should add a pronoun? In active voice, 'convince' + 'to' takes an object, usually a pronoun.
Suggestion: supporting
...h needs further evidence and convincing to support the arguments. If the author is able to...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 145, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
...nd convincing to support the arguments. If the author is able to answer the above ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, hence, however, if, so, then
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 26.0 19.6327345309 132% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 12.9520958084 85% => OK
Conjunction : 18.0 11.1786427146 161% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 13.6137724551 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 14.0 28.8173652695 49% => OK
Preposition: 49.0 55.5748502994 88% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 16.3942115768 43% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2134.0 2260.96107784 94% => OK
No of words: 405.0 441.139720559 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.26913580247 5.12650576532 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.48604634366 4.56307096286 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.86509564463 2.78398813304 103% => OK
Unique words: 179.0 204.123752495 88% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.441975308642 0.468620217663 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 679.5 705.55239521 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 4.96107784431 20% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 61.3866863376 57.8364921388 106% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.529411765 119.503703932 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.8235294118 23.324526521 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.23529411765 5.70786347227 57% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 7.0 5.25449101796 133% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 8.20758483034 49% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.67664670659 150% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.48586925825 0.218282227539 223% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.149851278489 0.0743258471296 202% => Sentence topic similarity is high.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.109295494224 0.0701772020484 156% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.264477127225 0.128457276422 206% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0858550696754 0.0628817314937 137% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.3 14.3799401198 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 39.67 48.3550499002 82% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.4 12.197005988 110% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.58 12.5979740519 108% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.4 8.32208582834 101% => OK
difficult_words: 93.0 98.500998004 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.