The following appeared in a memorandum from the manager of WWAC radio station.
"To reverse a decline in listener numbers, our owners have decided that WWAC must change from its current rock-music format. The decline has occurred despite population growth in our listening area, but that growth has resulted mainly from people moving here after their retirement. We must make listeners of these new residents. We could switch to a music format tailored to their tastes, but a continuing decline in local sales of recorded music suggests limited interest in music. Instead we should change to a news and talk format, a form of radio that is increasingly popular in our area."
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
This statement establishes that the best solution for increasing the number of listeners of WWAC radio station would be to stop playing rock music, and start using a news and talk format. However, further evidence would be needed to prove that this measure would be successful.
First of all, more information about the evolution of the number of listeners in other radio stations should be obtained. It is possible that radio stations have become obsolete, and, hence, people has stopped listening to the radio. An alternative media to listen to music could have flourished during last months, and maybe people prefer to listen to music there. Likewise, it is possible that a new radio station has started to emit, and people might like it more than other stations, leading to a general decline in the number of listeners. As no further evidence about this is presented, we simply do not know. Consequently, a study on the evolution in the number of people who listen to other radio stations should be carried. If a general decrease is observed, this argument would be weakened.
Secondly, the growth in population in the area need not be necessarily correlated to an increase in the number of listeners. People who have moved there in recent years may not have a radio, or might not have listening to the radio as one of their hobbies. Thus, it is plausible that, even if the format of the radio station is changed, no increase in the audience is experienced. A survey on the hobbies of people in the zone, compared with information from epochs during which the number of listeners was greater, may be useful to establish if there is a high enough number of potential listeners to justify this format change.
Thirdly, a decrease in the number of sales of recorded music does not necessarily imply that people are not further interested in music. A steep growth of the prices of CDs could be an alternative explanation that led to a different conclusion from the one reached. As well as this, new emerging online platforms to listen to music could have provoked a change in the paradigm of music consumption. This would lead to a fall in the number of sales of recorded music, but it is highly probable that people continued listening to music. Furthermore, in contrast with the statement, it is also possible that the decrease in the number of sales is related to a preference of the audience to listening to music in the radio rather than in CDs, so the conclusion reached would be absolutely wrong. For these reasons, a survey on the interest of people on listening to music should be carried, to establish if the proposed measure would be successful.
In conclusion, the statement is based on many assumptions that need further evidence to be proved. A study on the number of listeners in other radio stations and a survey that covers the number of people who has as a hobby listening to the radio and their interest in music might be useful to reach a more justified conclusion.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Need to argue against the conclusion always. For this topic it is:
Instead we should change to a news and talk format, a form of radio that is increasingly popular in our area.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 21 15
No. of Words: 518 350
No. of Characters: 2414 1500
No. of Different Words: 194 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.771 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.66 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.589 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 176 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 119 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 90 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 53 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 24.667 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.342 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.762 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.366 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.548 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.077 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, consequently, first, furthermore, hence, however, if, likewise, may, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, thus, well, in conclusion, in contrast, as well as, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 19.6327345309 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 20.0 12.9520958084 154% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 87.0 55.5748502994 157% => OK
Nominalization: 21.0 16.3942115768 128% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2482.0 2260.96107784 110% => OK
No of words: 518.0 441.139720559 117% => OK
Chars per words: 4.79150579151 5.12650576532 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.77070365392 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.68534969695 2.78398813304 96% => OK
Unique words: 204.0 204.123752495 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.393822393822 0.468620217663 84% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 787.5 705.55239521 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.76447105788 103% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 5.0 1.67365269461 299% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 21.0 19.7664670659 106% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 50.6942280926 57.8364921388 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.19047619 119.503703932 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.6666666667 23.324526521 106% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.66666666667 5.70786347227 152% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 5.25449101796 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 12.0 8.20758483034 146% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.67664670659 86% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.179008418715 0.218282227539 82% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0660211615569 0.0743258471296 89% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0449568897728 0.0701772020484 64% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.116099227435 0.128457276422 90% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0231667267386 0.0628817314937 37% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 14.3799401198 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 48.3550499002 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.8 12.5979740519 86% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.84 8.32208582834 94% => OK
difficult_words: 99.0 98.500998004 101% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 12.3882235529 89% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.