The following is a memorandum from the business manager of a television station.
"Over the past year, our late-night news program has devoted increased time to national news and less time to weather and local news. During this period, most of the complaints received from viewers were concerned with our station's coverage of weather and local news. In addition, local businesses that used to advertise during our late-night news program have canceled their advertising contracts with us. Therefore, in order to attract more viewers to our news programs and to avoid losing any further advertising revenues, we should expand our coverage of weather and local news on all our news programs."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
The author of the memorandum suggests that in order to prevent the television station from losing further profits, the station should restore the time schedule to the previous version. While it sounds plausible according to the given arguments, these arguments are based on some assumptions that weaken the assertion if prove unwarranted.
First and foremost, the author assumes that many of the viewers dislike the current time schedule, given that there were some complaints concerning the station's coverage. However, since the absolute number or the relative number of complaints compared to the total number of viewers are not given, it is impossible to evaluate the gravity of such situation. For instance, if only 0.01% of viewers has submitted the complaint, then even if the complaints are largly about the time schedule, the situation may not be that worse. Furthermore, it is even possible that the number of complaints has been declined since the schedule change. Then it may be true that most of the viewers prefer the current schedule to the previous one, which breaks the author's assertion. Accordingly, the absolute or relative number of submitted complaints should be provided.
Moreover, the author presumes that the cancel of advertisements from local businesses was due to the decrease of late night news program, provided that the schedule modification and the cancel of advertising occurred simultaneously. However, the fact that two events occurred simultaneously does not mean that one event provided the causal effect to the other. For example, if the country started suffer from budgetary concerns, then the economy of the society can be stagnant, which may force many of the businesses to stop. In other words, if the withdrawls of advertising of local businesses were caused by the stagnant economy of the country rather than the time schedule of the station, then even after restoring the time devoted to weather and local news, their advertising revenues will continue to decline. As such, the strong evidence that the schedule modification caused the cancel of advertising contracts should be given.
Lastly, even if the viewers indeed disliked the new schedule, it may not be possible to attract more viewers by simply reverting it as the author assumes, for it may be possible that the number of people who prefer national news may be greater than those who prefer weather and local news. By adjusting the schedule, the station may have already acquired more viewers than before. If people largely prefer national news, then after reverting the schedule, it may be possible that the number of newly acquired viewers is lower than the number of lost viewers. Therefore, the author should prove that there are less people who prefer national news, or the station lost many viewers after the adjustment.
In conclusion, the author's claim is based on assumptions that makes difficult to assess the given argument. Therefore, more evidence such as the number of complaints of the causation between the schedule modification and the cancel of adverisements should be provided.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 498 350
No. of Characters: 2552 1500
No. of Different Words: 195 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.724 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.124 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.631 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 203 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 153 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 108 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 54 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 26.211 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.908 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.895 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.37 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.588 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.097 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
The author of the memorandum suggests th...
^^^^
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...en the assertion if prove unwarranted. First and foremost, the author assumes t...
^^^^
Line 2, column 157, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'stations'' or 'station's'?
Suggestion: stations'; station's
...ere were some complaints concerning the stations coverage. However, since the absolute n...
^^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 750, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...e to the previous one, which breaks the authors assertion. Accordingly, the absolute or...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...bmitted complaints should be provided. Moreover, the author presumes that the c...
^^^^
Line 3, column 40, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
... Moreover, the author presumes that the cancel of advertisements from local businesses...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 187, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...ided that the schedule modification and the cancel of advertising occurred simultaneously....
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 886, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...e that the schedule modification caused the cancel of advertising contracts should be give...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...advertising contracts should be given. Lastly, even if the viewers indeed disli...
^^^^
Line 4, column 613, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun people is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
... the author should prove that there are less people who prefer national news, or the...
^^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ost many viewers after the adjustment. In conclusion, the authors claim is base...
^^^^
Line 5, column 225, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...n between the schedule modification and the cancel of adverisements should be provided.
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, first, furthermore, however, if, lastly, may, moreover, so, then, therefore, while, for example, for instance, in conclusion, such as, in other words
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 19.6327345309 112% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 13.6137724551 154% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 28.8173652695 94% => OK
Preposition: 58.0 55.5748502994 104% => OK
Nominalization: 18.0 16.3942115768 110% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2609.0 2260.96107784 115% => OK
No of words: 498.0 441.139720559 113% => OK
Chars per words: 5.23895582329 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.72397222731 4.56307096286 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.72510971598 2.78398813304 98% => OK
Unique words: 205.0 204.123752495 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.411646586345 0.468620217663 88% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 810.0 705.55239521 115% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 4.96107784431 121% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 9.0 2.70958083832 332% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 4.22255489022 95% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 26.0 22.8473053892 114% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.0318469001 57.8364921388 97% => OK
Chars per sentence: 137.315789474 119.503703932 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 26.2105263158 23.324526521 112% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.52631578947 5.70786347227 149% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 12.0 5.25449101796 228% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 8.20758483034 61% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 12.0 6.88822355289 174% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.200548065355 0.218282227539 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0632226243393 0.0743258471296 85% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0639483377045 0.0701772020484 91% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.103138612417 0.128457276422 80% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.055245925765 0.0628817314937 88% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.4 14.3799401198 114% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 45.09 48.3550499002 93% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.4 12.197005988 110% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.41 12.5979740519 106% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.32208582834 102% => OK
difficult_words: 111.0 98.500998004 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 12.3882235529 109% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.4 11.1389221557 111% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.